Firstly, it is important to understand the reasons behind the division of wall chargers into single/low-voltage and dual/high-voltage versions. In countries with high-voltage markets, wall chargers require capacitors with a higher voltage withstand to handle surge voltage.
Capacitors with lower aluminum foil withstand voltage have higher capacity, larger ripple current, and smaller equivalent series resistance (ESR) compared to capacitors with higher aluminum foil withstand voltage of the same volume. At low voltages, the electrolytic capacitor experiences a large ripple current, leading to increased heat generation.
Hence, to balance high power density and product reliability, chargers are differentiated into high and low-voltage versions based on market demand. Capacitors used in high-voltage markets have high aluminum foil withstand voltage and low capacity, while those used in low-voltage markets have relatively lower aluminum foil withstand voltage and higher capacity.
Although there is a difference in aluminum foil withstand voltage between capacitors in high and low-voltage markets, it is not particularly significant, usually within a 30V range. The difference in capacity is also not substantially large. For instance, considering the Anker 511 Charger (Nano) as an example, the capacity of the low-voltage version is 12uFVS, while the high-voltage version has a capacity of 10uF.
So, if individuals from high-voltage countries travel to low-voltage markets for short-term business trips, they can utilize their existing high-voltage chargers. However, using the high-voltage version in a low-voltage market for an extended period may accelerate capacitor aging and result in a higher failure rate compared to the chargers specifically designed for low-voltage markets. Therefore, long-term usage of high-voltage chargers in low-voltage markets is not recommended.
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